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Cataracts are indeed recognized as the leading cause of blindness globally. They result in the clouding of the eye's lens, leading to a significant decrease in visual clarity, and if left untreated, can lead to complete blindness. Cataracts are particularly prevalent in aging populations, making them a major public health issue.

Unlike cataracts, glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness. It is related to increased pressure in the eye and can lead to damage of the optic nerve, but it is not as widespread in its impact as cataracts.

Nearsightedness, while common and can cause significant vision issues, primarily affects the ability to see distant objects clearly but does not typically lead to blindness. Falls in the elderly, while a serious concern and can lead to injuries, are not a direct cause of blindness.

Thus, cataracts hold the distinction of being the foremost cause of blindness worldwide, emphasizing the importance of awareness, early detection, and treatment options available for this condition.